Drug addiction is a disorder that is characterized by compulsive drug abuse. Individuals who are addicted experience an uncontrollable dependence and need for drugs. Despite the negative consequences of the addiction, such individuals are not able to control the overwhelming need to use drugs. Such self-destructive behavior occurs due to alterations in the brain. The repeated use of drugs leads to certain long-lasting alterations in the brain. These changes hamper an individual’s ability to think rationally and lose his control over his behavior. They also prevent the individual from feeling normal without using the drugs.
The alterations in the functioning of the brain also trigger cravings for drugs and lead to compulsive drug-taking behavior. There could be many causes of drug abuse. It usually begins with an urge to experiment. When an individual uses drugs initially, it seems to make things better due to the alterations in perception. Then he begins to use the drug repeatedly and addiction sets in. This addiction keeps progressing and the person’s ability to stop using the drug is compromised. It turns into a physical and psychological need. There are many side effects of drug abuse. The physical appearance of the individual may change due to severe weight loss. Gum disease may also occur due to drug abuse. This may be attributed to reduced hygiene and personal care which occurs when addiction sets in. Those who inhale drugs may suffer from nosebleeds and persistent coughing. Respiratory infections and lung disease may also occur. The heart rate and blood pressure are elevated due to drug abuse. There is also likely to be an overproduction of oil by the sebaceous glands. Cognitive functioning is also severely hampered and the person’s attention, reasoning and memory are affected. The individual is likely to neglect responsibilities and may even get into legal trouble.
It is possible to treat drug abuse and addiction. The first step in seeking drug abuse help is to recognize the existence of the problem. A doctor will be able to advise the individual on the appropriate course of treatment. Treatment will depend on the type of drug the person is addicted to. Withdrawal symptoms are managed through medication and behavioral therapy. Treatment will focus on detoxification, preventing a relapse and rehabilitation in the long term. It will also deal with how to cope with a relapse, if it occurs. Help and support from family and close friends is also essential in helping an individual overcome drug addiction.
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